A Review of xylanase production by Aspergillus niger AD-81 using saccharum munja and municipal solid waste as substrate under submersed state fermentation
Keywords:
Hemicellulose, xylanaseAbstract
Hemicelluloses are a group of heteropolysaccharides which accounts for 33% by dry weight of the total lignocellulosic biomass. Xylan is one of the most important and abundantly found hemicellulose which has diverse structures according to the source from which it is extracted. Due to its structural diversity, xylan is hydrolysed by a class of xylanase enzymes into its monomeric xylose subunits. These xylose residues when treated with yeasts get converted into ethanol which can be used as a supplement along with natural fuels. xylanase production by biological means not only reduces the cost of production but also decreases the formation of inhibitors which are formed during chemical pretreatment of xylan that hampers the process of fermentation. Besides bioethanol production xylanases have also got many other productive uses in various industries such as paper pulp bleaching, oil extraction, food additives, bakeries, detergents, fodder industries, etc. Twelve strains were isolated from environmental samples like cow dung, leaf litter, waste water, soil, termites, etc.
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