SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE OF UNDER-GRADUATE STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR GENDER AND LOCALITY
Keywords:
Spiritual Intelligence, under-graduate studentsAbstract
The present study was undertaken to study the level of spiritual intelligence of under-graduate students and the difference in spiritual intelligence with respect to their gender and locality. A sample of 300 under-graduate students from three degree colleges of district Gurugram was collected by descriptive survey method using Spiritual intelligence test by Dr. Roquiya Zainuddin. For the analysis and interpretation of data, mean, standard deviation, ‘t’ ratio were used. It was concluded that majority of Under-graduate students have average spiritual intelligence. There was significant difference in spiritual intelligence between male and female Under-graduate students found and difference in spiritual intelligence of rural and urban students also found.
References
Gardner, H. (1998). Are there additional intelligence? The case for natural list, Spiritual and Existential intelligence. In J. Kane (Ed), Education, information, and transformation (pp. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill-Prentice Hall.
Zohar, D and Marshal (2000).SQ: Connecting with our Spiritual Intelligence, Bloomsbury publication.
Emmons, R.A. (2000).Is Spirituality intelligence? The international journal of psychology of religion, 10 (1), 3-26
Mayer, J. (2000). Spiritual intelligence or Spiritual consciousness. International Journal for the Psychology of Relisgion, l0 (1), 47-56
Johnson, K.A.(2001). An international collaboration of young Under-graduate students involving networked technology and faith formation university of St. Thomas, Ed.D, DAI A 62/02, P.256.
Kour, M. (2013). Spiritual intelligence of secondary school teachers in relation to their job satisfaction. International journal of Educational Research and Technology. Vol. 4 (3) Sept. 2013: 104-109.
Sharma (2014). A study of spiritual intelligence among secondary school teachers in relation to socio- demographic variables. Indian Streams Research Journal, volume: IV. Issue: IV, May 2014
McMullen, B (2006). Spiritual intelligence in BMJ Career Focus 2003, 326:S51.